What is open hearth furnace steel-making?
Open hearth furnace steel-making mostly has been replaced by basis oxidation furnace, and partly has been replaced by electric-arc furnace(blast furnace and electric-arc furnace). Open hearth furnace steel-making now only occupies for less than 3% of global crude steel production. The main countries which still has above type steel mill are Russia, Ukraine and India and those countries are phasing out this steel-making process now.
In the middle of the 1 9th century, just open hearth furnace process being introduced, it (OH) is more potential to produce high quality steel than processing method of that time(mainly bessemer converter). This process can also processing a large number of scrap metal and suddenly hit this emerging industrialized countries.
Steel-making is processing in shallow pool with refractory lining of the heating chamber and the capacity is mostly 500tons. Heat supply is usually based on preheating gas above the surface of molten pool and combustion air. Cold and/or molten pig iron and scrap steel can be added iron ore and limestone.
Every batch of steel production process needs to last several hours, so open hearth process is less efficient than the blast furnace(electric-arc furnace) method. In addition, the method also need to spend a lot of manpower and pollution is more serious.
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